Who ruled
- Rouran Khaganate Anagui 520–552 · Poluomen Khan 521
And beyond the steppe
- China Northern Wei Emperor Xiaoming 515–528
- Iran Sasanian Kavad I 498–531
- Korea Goguryeo Anjang 519–531
- Byzantium Justinian Justin I 518–527
Eastern steppe
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Poluomen destroys the usurper Shifa and is made khan; driven out by the Gaoche, he surrenders at Liangzhou and is settled at Dunhuang
