Who ruled
- Hunnic Empire Uldin 400–408
And beyond the steppe
- China Northern Wei Emperor Daowu 386–409
- Iran Sasanian Yazdegerd I 399–420
- Korea Goguryeo Gwanggaeto 391–413
- Byzantium Theodosian Arcadius 395–408
Eastern steppe
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Shelun gathers a following in the Gobi, defeats the Tiele and takes the title khagan
