Map of East Asia around 100 BC: the Xiongnu north of the Gobi with the Tarim oasis states, Jushi, the Hujie, Dingling and Gekun as their subjects, the Han with the Ordos and the Hexi corridor, the Wuhuan subject to the Han, the Wusun and the Da Yuezhi, and the campaigns of 119 BC
c. 100 BC: After the campaigns of Wei Qing and Huo Qubing in 119 BC there is no royal court of the Xiongnu south of the Gobi. The Han hold the Ordos and the Hexi corridor from Wuwei to Dunhuang, and the Wuhuan watch the Xiongnu for them; by 105 BC the chanyu has moved further north-west. The oasis states of the Tarim and the peoples of the north are still subject to the Xiongnu. Modern map; the roads are drawn, and the borders in the steppe are approximate.
Plate V in the Atlas → © Emre-E Yavuz 2026

Who ruled

And beyond the steppe

  • China Western Han Emperor Wu 141 BC–87 BC

Eastern steppe

  • Qiedihou Chanyu sends home the Han envoys who had not surrendered; the Han answer with Su Wu and rich gifts, and the chanyu grows arrogant

    Xiongnu