Who ruled

And beyond the steppe

  • China Northern Wei Emperor Taiwu 423–452
  • Iran Sasanian Yazdegerd II 438–457
  • Korea Goguryeo Jangsu 413–491
  • Byzantium Theodosian Theodosius II 408–450

Western steppe

  • Bleda · Attila

    The chronicles date the murder to 444, 445 or 446

Tarim and Sogdiana

  • Sogdiana · Samarkand · Paikent · Bukhara