Who ruled

And beyond the steppe

  • China Northern Wei Emperor Xiaowen 471–499
  • Iran Sasanian Peroz I 459–484
  • Korea Goguryeo Jangsu 413–491
  • Byzantium Leonid Zeno 474–491

Western steppe

  • Culture · Sogdian colonists found the first towns of Semirech'e, Suyab and Navaket among them, as estates of nobles (450–600)

    Suyab · Sogdians

China

  • Economy · A stupa deposit at Dingxian, south-west of Beijing, holds forty-one Sasanian silver coins

    Sogdians