And beyond the steppe
- China Tang Gaozong 649–683
- Iran Umayyad Muawiya I 661–680
- Korea Goguryeo Bojang 642–668 · Silla Munmu 668–681
- Byzantium Heraclian Constans II 641–668 · Constantine IV 668–685
Eastern steppe
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Environment · Lake Telmen stands 4.8 metres above its present level, a humid phase before the drying that follows (600–700)
