Who ruled

And beyond the steppe

  • China Northern Wei Emperor Wencheng 452–465
  • Iran Sasanian Yazdegerd II 438–457
  • Korea Goguryeo Jangsu 413–491
  • Byzantium Theodosian Marcian 450–457

Western steppe

  • Battle of the Nedao · Ardaric · Ellac · Hunnic Empire

    Also dated 455 (a second reckoning): Jordanes gives no year.

  • Suyab · Sogdians

Tarim and Sogdiana

  • Sogdiana · Samarkand · Paikent · Bukhara