Who ruled
- Byzantium Heraclius 610–641
- First Göktürk Khaganate Shibi Khan 609–619 · Chula Khan 619–620
- Western Göktürk Khaganate Shegui Khan 611–619 · Tong Yabgu 618–630
And beyond the steppe
Eastern steppe
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Environment · Late Antique Little Ice Age: the cold phase the Altai tree rings define from 536 to about 660 (536–660)
Climate and the steppe empires · First Göktürk Khaganate · Avars
The coldest decade in the Altai is the 540s
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Environment · Lake Telmen stands 4.8 metres above its present level, a humid phase before the drying that follows (600–700)
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Shibi dies on a raid; his brother Chula succeeds
China
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Economy · The Tang cavalry grows from five thousand horses to more than seven hundred thousand, supplied by the Göktürks (618–650)
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Heshana, having lost all control of his khaganate, is handed by the first Tang emperor to eastern Göktürk envoys at Chang'an and executed
Heshana Khan · Tang · Shibi Khan · Western Göktürk Khaganate · Killing of Heshana Khan (619)
