Who ruled
- First Göktürk Khaganate Ishbara Khan 582–587 · Bagha Khan 587–588
- Sasanian Persia Hormizd IV 579–590
- Western Göktürk Khaganate Tardush 576–603 · Niri Khan 587–603
And beyond the steppe
- China Sui Emperor Wen 581–604
- Iran Sasanian Hormizd IV 579–590
- Korea Goguryeo Pyeongwon 559–590
- Byzantium Justinian Maurice 582–602
Eastern steppe
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Environment · Late Antique Little Ice Age: the cold phase the Altai tree rings define from 536 to about 660 (536–660)
Climate and the steppe empires · First Göktürk Khaganate · Avars
The coldest decade in the Altai is the 540s
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Ishbara dies; by his will his brother Bagha becomes khan and takes Apa alive; the khaganate is two
Ishbara Khan · Bagha Khan · Töremen Apa · First Göktürk Khaganate · Göktürk Succession Crisis (581) · The Göktürk Civil War · The Succession of 587 · Capture of Apa (587) · Ishbara's Hunt (587)