Who ruled

And beyond the steppe

  • China Tang Wu Zetian 690–705
  • Iran Umayyad Abd al-Malik 685–705
  • Korea Silla Sinmun 681–692
  • Byzantium Heraclian Justinian II 685–695

Eastern steppe

Western steppe

  • Türgesh · Suyab · On Oq