Map of northern China and the eastern steppe, 582 to 583: the Göktürk Khaganate from the Tarim to the Khingan, three raids across the Long Wall in 582 towards Wuwei, Tianshui and Yan'an, the battle of Zhoupan, Ishbara's march from Ötüken to Baidao in 583, his defeat and withdrawal, and Apa's flight west
582–583: en 582 los göktürk al mando de Ishbara cruzan la Gran Muralla y saquean la frontera de los Sui desde Wuwei hasta Yan'an. En 583 Ishbara marcha de Ötüken a Baidao, es derrotado y se retira, y Apa huye al oeste, junto a Tardush. Mapa moderno; los caminos de las incursiones son trazados.
Lámina XXXVII del Atlas → © Emre-E Yavuz 2026

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  • China Sui Emperor Wen 581–604
  • Irán Sasanian Hormizd IV 579–590
  • Corea Goguryeo Pyeongwon 559–590
  • Bizancio Justinian Maurice 582–602

Estepa oriental

Estepa occidental

  • Suyab · Sogdians

China