Turkic Atlas

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Fuentes

Transmisión

Cada fuente está donde se escribió, en el carril de su tradición. La línea fina que se extiende a la izquierda lleva a los hechos más antiguos que narra; su longitud es la distancia entre el texto y lo que cuenta. Las líneas curvas unen una compilación con las obras que copia: donde se encuentran, dos libros dan un solo relato.

Esta página y el menú están en español. Una parte de los artículos existe también en español; el resto está en inglés y así se indica.

90 obras fuente en la línea de tiempo, 39 con el alcance de sus relatos, 20 dependencias.

Las fuentes en el tiempo

600 a. C. 400 a. C. 200 a. C. 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Shiji · -91 Shiji Han Shu · 111 Han Shu Song Shu · 487–488 Song Shu Nan Shi · 659 Nan Shi Nan Qi Shu · early 6th century, under the Liang Nan Qi Shu Wei Shu · 554 Wei Shu Bei Shi (History of the Northern Dynasties) · 659 Bei Shi Zizhi tongjian (Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance) · 1084 Zizhi tongjian Liang Shu · presented in 636 Liang Shu Sui Shu (Book of Sui) · 636 (annals); 656 (treatises) Sui Shu Tongdian · 766–801 Tongdian Zhou Shu (Book of Zhou) · 636 Zhou Shu Bei Qi Shu (Book of Northern Qi) · 636 Bei Qi Shu Cefu yuangui · 1013 Cefu yuangui Jiu Tangshu (Old Book of Tang) · 945 Jiu Tangshu Xin Tangshu (New Book of Tang) · 1060 Xin Tangshu Sanguozhi · 3rd century; commentary 429 Sanguozhi Hou Han Shu · 445 Hou Han Shu Tomb of Princess Linhe · 550 Tomb of Princess Linhe Record of the Western Regions · 646 or 648 Record of the Western Regions Life of Xuanzang · 688, in Yancong's edition Life of Xuanzang Fengshi Wenjian Ji · late 8th century Fengshi Wenjian Ji Li Deyu's Letters to the Kirghiz · 843 to 845 Li Deyu's Letters to the Kirghiz Tang Huiyao (Institutional History of the Tang) · 961 Tang Huiyao Issyk inscription · disputed: between the fifth and the third century BC Issyk inscription Bugut inscription · about 584 Bugut inscription Runiform finds in Mongolia, 1990 to 1999 · undated; the finder of one text proposes about 630 to 680 Runiform finds in Mongolia, 1990 to 1999 Begre inscription (E 11) · disputed: from the seventh century to the ninth or later Begre inscription Runiform inscriptions of the Khazar lands · seventh to tenth century, by the position of the finds; no inscription is dated by its own text Runiform inscriptions of the Khazar lands Yenisei inscriptions · disputed: from the seventh century to the tenth; no inscription is dated Yenisei inscriptions Afrasiab paintings · 660 Afrasiab paintings South Yenisei inscriptions · The eighth to the tenth century by the graves and stelae that carry the texts. No text gives a date. South Yenisei inscriptions Szarvas needle case inscription · about the eighth century Szarvas needle case inscription Treasure of Nagyszentmiklós · the vessels in the eighth and ninth centuries by their style; the inscriptions disputed Treasure of Nagyszentmiklós Ulaangom inscription · Placed in the first half of the eighth century by its first reader, on the strength of one word that a second reader reads differently. The other study gives no date. Ulaangom inscription Altın Köl Inscriptions · undated; the year 711 follows if the dead man is the Kirghiz khan Bars Beg; the letter forms have led others to date both stones to the end of the ninth century Altın Köl Inscriptions Ongi inscription · disputed, between 716 and 740 Ongi inscription Küli Čor inscription · disputed, between 719 and 725 Küli Čor inscription Tonyukuk inscription · about 720 to 725, or 732 to 734 on a second dating Tonyukuk inscription Nalaikh Inscription · about 730, by estimate; no dated find supports it, and the authenticity of the piece is itself questioned Nalaikh Inscription Kül Tegin inscription · 732 Kül Tegin inscription Bilge Khan inscription · 735 Bilge Khan inscription Suji inscription · disputed: before 780, or after 840 Suji inscription Tariat inscription · 750–756 Tariat inscription Hoyto Tamir inscriptions · Three texts carry animal-year dates, which one reckoning sets in 753 and 756. The editors place at least two further texts in the Uyghur age by the tamga cut at their end. The other texts have no stated date. Hoyto Tamir inscriptions Šine-Usu inscription · 759–761 Šine-Usu inscription Tes inscription · Placed at about 750, at about 761 or 762, or after 760–761. No year is legible in a form that all readers accept. Tes inscription Karabalghasun inscription · 800–830 Karabalghasun inscription Protobulgarian sign corpus · mostly the ninth century, above all under Omurtag (814 to 831) Protobulgarian sign corpus Murfatlar inscriptions · second half of the ninth century to the first half of the tenth Murfatlar inscriptions Sogdian inscriptions of the upper Indus · third to fifth century; a few before the Ancient Letters, most not before the fifth century, none after the beginning of the seventh Sogdian inscriptions of the upper Indus Sogdian Ancient Letters · 313 by the prevailing reckoning; 196 by another Sogdian Ancient Letters Mount Mugh documents · the decade after 710 Mount Mugh documents Sogdian inscriptions of the Talas valley · beginning of the tenth to beginning of the eleventh century; the last February–March 1026 Sogdian inscriptions of the Talas valley Priscus · after 472; published soon after 476 Priscus Theophylact Simocatta · begun after 610 and before 638, probably in the late 620s, under Heraclius Theophylact Simocatta Theophanes the Confessor · c. 810–814 Theophanes the Confessor Procopius · the 550s Procopius Theophanes of Byzantium · after 581, probably in the last years of Maurice Theophanes of Byzantium Menander Protector · after 582, under the emperor Maurice Menander Protector Nikephoros · probably the 780s Nikephoros De administrando imperio · about 948 to 952 De administrando imperio Ammianus Marcellinus · completed most probably in the winter of 392/393 Ammianus Marcellinus Jordanes · 551 Jordanes Sebeos · c. 655, with notices added down to 661 Sebeos Movsēs Dasxurancʿi · 10th century, drawing on seventh-century material Movsēs Dasxurancʿi Ibn Rusta · about 290 AH (903), using older material Ibn Rusta al-Iṣṭakhrī · about 320 AH (932) al-Iṣṭakhrī aṯ-Ṯaʿālibī · between 408 and 412 of the hijra, about 1017 to 1021 aṯ-Ṯaʿālibī Tabari · early 10th century Tabari Ibn Fadlan · after 922 Ibn Fadlan al-Masʿūdī · the Meadows of Gold in the 940s; al-Tanbīh in 956 al-Masʿūdī Marvazī (Ṭabāʾiʿ al-ḥayawān) · about 1120 (514 AH) Marvazī Narshakhī, History of Bukhara · 943 or 944 (Arabic original); Persian version 1128; abridged and enlarged 1178 Narshakhī, History of Bukhara Ḥudūd al-ʿĀlam · 982 Ḥudūd al-ʿĀlam Shahnameh · completed about 1010 Shahnameh Gardīzī (Zayn al-akhbār) · about 1050 (about 440 AH) Gardīzī Irk Bitig · 930 Irk Bitig Kutadgu Bilig · 1069–1070 Kutadgu Bilig Dīvān Lughāt al-Turk · 1073–1077 Dīvān Lughāt al-Turk Tomb of Kang Ye · 571 Tomb of Kang Ye John of Ephesus · Part III begun before 578 and carried to 588; book VI, chapter 23 written before 581 John of Ephesus Tomb of An Jia · 579 Tomb of An Jia Tomb of Shi Jun · 580 Tomb of Shi Jun Tomb of Yu Hong · 592 Tomb of Yu Hong Old Tibetan report on the northern kings · mid-8th century, soon after the founding of the Uyghur khaganate Old Tibetan report on the northern kings The Kievian letter · about 930; the tenth and the eleventh century are both argued The Kievian letter The Schechter letter · middle of the tenth century The Schechter letter The Khazar correspondence · Hasdai's letter after 954 and before 961; Joseph's reply about 960 The Khazar correspondence Russian Primary Chronicle · about 1113, revised in the twelfth century Russian Primary Chronicle
redacción hechos más antiguos narrados copia de La línea de tiempo se desplaza hacia los lados.

Las fuentes en cifras

ObraTradiciónRedacciónHechos más antiguosDistanciaSe basa en
Shiji China 91 a. C.
Han Shu China 111 Shiji
Song Shu China 487–488 420 67 años
Nan Shi China 659 420 239 años Song Shu, Nan Qi Shu, Liang Shu
Nan Qi Shu China 500–530 479 21 años
Wei Shu China 554 386 168 años
Bei Shi China 659 Wei Shu, Zhou Shu, Sui Shu
Zizhi tongjian China 1084 Wei Shu, Zhou Shu, Sui Shu, Bei Shi
Liang Shu China 636 502 134 años
Sui Shu China 636
Tongdian China 766–801 Sui Shu, Zhou Shu
Zhou Shu China 636
Bei Qi Shu China 636 532 104 años Bei Shi
Cefu yuangui China 1013 Tongdian, Jiu Tangshu
Jiu Tangshu China 945 618 327 años
Xin Tangshu China 1060 618 442 años Jiu Tangshu
Sanguozhi China 429
Hou Han Shu China 445
Tomb of Princess Linhe China 550 542 8 años (testigo ocular)
Record of the Western Regions China 646 629 17 años (testigo ocular)
Life of Xuanzang China 688
Fengshi Wenjian Ji China 770–800
Li Deyu's Letters to the Kirghiz China 843–845 843 0 años
Tang Huiyao China 961 618 343 años
Issyk inscription Esteparia 500 a. C.–200 a. C. (testigo ocular)
Bugut inscription Esteparia 584 552 32 años
Runiform finds in Mongolia, 1990 to 1999 Esteparia 600–900
Begre inscription Esteparia 650–950
Runiform inscriptions of the Khazar lands Esteparia 650–950
Yenisei inscriptions Esteparia 650–1000
Afrasiab paintings Esteparia 660 650 10 años (testigo ocular)
South Yenisei inscriptions Esteparia 700–1000 (testigo ocular)
Szarvas needle case inscription Esteparia 700–800
Treasure of Nagyszentmiklós Esteparia 700–850
Ulaangom inscription Esteparia 700–750 (testigo ocular)
Altın Köl Inscriptions Esteparia 711
Ongi inscription Esteparia 716–740 (testigo ocular)
Küli Čor inscription Esteparia 719–725 (testigo ocular)
Tonyukuk inscription Esteparia 720 679 41 años (testigo ocular)
Nalaikh Inscription Esteparia 730
Kül Tegin inscription Esteparia 732 552 180 años
Bilge Khan inscription Esteparia 735
Suji inscription Esteparia 745–900
Tariat inscription Esteparia 750–756 741 9 años (testigo ocular)
Hoyto Tamir inscriptions Esteparia 753–756 (testigo ocular)
Šine-Usu inscription Esteparia 759–761 744 15 años (testigo ocular)
Tes inscription Esteparia 760–761 (testigo ocular)
Karabalghasun inscription Esteparia 800–830 744 56 años
Protobulgarian sign corpus Esteparia 800–900
Murfatlar inscriptions Esteparia 850–950
Sogdian inscriptions of the upper Indus Sogdiana 250–450 (testigo ocular)
Sogdian Ancient Letters Sogdiana 313 311 2 años
Mount Mugh documents Sogdiana 710–722 710 0 años (testigo ocular)
Sogdian inscriptions of the Talas valley Sogdiana 900–1026 (testigo ocular)
Priscus Griega 434–472 433 1 años (testigo ocular)
Theophylact Simocatta Griega 610 582 28 años
Theophanes the Confessor Griega 810–814 284 526 años Theophylact Simocatta
Procopius Griega 550–559 527 23 años
Theophanes of Byzantium Griega 581 566 15 años
Menander Protector Griega 582 557 25 años
Nikephoros Griega 780–789 602 178 años
De administrando imperio Griega 948–952
Ammianus Marcellinus Latina 392 375 17 años
Jordanes Latina 551 370 181 años Priscus, Ammianus Marcellinus
Sebeos Armenia 655 572 83 años
Movsēs Dasxurancʿi Armenia 900–1000
Ibn Rusta Árabe 290
al-Iṣṭakhrī Árabe 320
aṯ-Ṯaʿālibī Árabe 408
Tabari Árabe 900–930
Ibn Fadlan Árabe 921–922 921 0 años (testigo ocular)
al-Masʿūdī Árabe 940–949
Marvazī Árabe 1120
Narshakhī, History of Bukhara Persa 943 673 270 años
Ḥudūd al-ʿĀlam Persa 982 982 0 años
Shahnameh Persa 1010
Gardīzī Persa 1050
Irk Bitig Túrquica 930
Kutadgu Bilig Túrquica 1069–1070
Dīvān Lughāt al-Turk Túrquica 1073–1077
Tomb of Kang Ye Otras 571 571 0 años (testigo ocular)
John of Ephesus Otras 578 571 7 años
Tomb of An Jia Otras 579 579 0 años (testigo ocular)
Tomb of Shi Jun Otras 580 580 0 años (testigo ocular)
Tomb of Yu Hong Otras 592 592 0 años (testigo ocular)
Old Tibetan report on the northern kings Otras 700–800
The Kievian letter Otras 930
The Schechter letter Otras 950
The Khazar correspondence Otras 954–961
Russian Primary Chronicle Otras 1113

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Nuevo, edición básica:OʻzbekchaҚазақшаКыргызча